State of emergency in Honduras: measures, impact and controversy

The state of emergency in Honduras, implemented since December 2022, continues to generate controversy due to its extension and concerns about possible abuses of power and human rights violations. This measure was decreed by the government of President Xiomara Castro with the stated aim of combating crime, especially extortion and the activities of gangs such as Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Barrio 18. The implementation of the state of emergency has led to the suspension of certain constitutional guarantees, allowing arrests without a warrant and restrictions on freedom of movement in various areas of the country.

The state of emergency has been prolonged several times since it was first implemented. By January 2025, the period was extended for an additional 45 days, affecting 226 out of the 298 municipalities in the nation. While officials claim this measure is crucial for fighting crime, various groups have raised worries about potential misuse and the absence of tangible outcomes.

Discussion on efficiency and civil liberties during the state of emergency

Entities like the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) have highlighted that the emergency situation endangers civil rights, calling on the Honduran government to ensure adherence to legal norms and prevent unnecessary limitations on basic liberties. The authorities have claimed a reduction in homicide cases and the breakup of criminal groups during the state of emergency. Nevertheless, accounts suggest that extortion and violence still impact the community. Moreover, there are recorded instances of misconduct by law enforcement, including arbitrary arrests and excessive force.

The extension of this measure has sparked a debate about its effectiveness and implications for human rights. While the executive branch maintains that the state of emergency is a necessary tool to combat crime, national and international organizations are calling for a review of its application and for guarantees that security measures do not compromise the fundamental freedoms of citizens.

Therefore, the emergency situation in Honduras is a disputed initiative aimed at addressing criminal violence, but it has ignited discussions regarding its efficiency, lawfulness, and adherence to human rights. The continuation of this extraordinary measure presents obstacles for the assurance of basic liberties and the strengthening of a democratic framework that safeguards both citizens’ security and their rights.